A Hue-Based Method for pH Determination

This project is a body of work in optical sensing methods using image processing to quantify pH sensors

Analysis of Property Values, Local Government Finances and Reservation of Land for National Parks and Similar Purposes

The impact on local government finances of the reservation of land for national parks in local government areas has been a bone of contention. This article identifies conditions in which the reservation of land for national parks increases total rateable unimproved property values in a local government area. The level of a local government's receipts from rates tends to move in the same direction as the total value of rateable property in its local government area. Thus, even though national parks and similar natural areas are not rateable, it is possible that the reservation of some local government areas for such protection can increase revenue from rates. However this is not always so and conditions for an increase in local government revenue are specified. Local governments may wish to maximise their income for discretionary expenditures rather than total receipts. Conditions are specified in which the reservation of local areas for national parks fosters - and conflicts with - this objective. Depending upon the nature of the relevant functions, local government finances may benefit from the existence of national parks in a local government area or be adversely affected by their presence. As far as we are aware, the conditions for this have not been previously specified

Is State Law Looking for Trouble: The Federal Arbitration Act Flexes Its Preemptive Muscle

This article begins with an overview of the preemption concept as it affects the American legal system. The source of preemption power is revealed and the most common forms of preemption are introduced. Next, the article discusses preemption and its interaction with the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA). The discussion begins with a chronological view of the cases that have defined the effects the FAA has on arbitration agreements via its preemption power and ends with a summary of the current state of the law

4-Bit Microprocessor: Design, Simulation, Fabrication, and Testing

The work presented demonstrates the unique ability of Rochester Institute of Technology’s Microelectronic Engineering department to design, simulate, fabricate, and test complex digital integrated circuits. Utilizing the resources available, the author would be the first undergraduate at RIT to successfully drive the creation of a microprocessor from design through fabrication to test. The microprocessor created is the most complex digital circuit ever fabricated at RIT. Fabrication was completed on three lots using the well-established RIT sub μm CMOS Process. Functional CMOS transistors were demonstrated at the Metal 1 level, but complex digital integrated circuits were not realized beyond that

Segregating the Distinct Effects of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on Older Adults' Cardiovascular Profile: Part 2-Isotemporal Substitution Approach.

The aim of the study was to provide an isotemporal substitution model to predict how changes in physical behavior may affect the cardiovascular parameters (CVPs) of older adults. Methods: Participants wore a thigh-mounted accelerometer for 7 days. Phenotype of the carotid, brachial, and popliteal artery was conducted using ultrasound. Isotemporal substitution was used to simulate the degree to which replacing 1 hour of physical behavior with another would affect CVP. Results: Substitution of sedentary behavior with Standing and sporadic moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA accumulated in bouts <10 min) would reduce resting heart rate [−6.20 beats per minute (−12.1 to −0.22) and −3.72 beats per minute (−7.01 to −0.44), respectively]. Substitution of sedentary behavior with light-intensity physical activity would reduce carotid artery diameter [−0.54 mm (−1.00 to −0.07)]. Substitution of Standing with sporadic MVPA would increase popliteal artery diameter [1.31 mm (0.11 to 2.51)]. Conclusions: Our modeling suggests that an accumulation of MVPA bouts that are shorter than the recommended 10-minute minimum may still improve CVP, with lower intensity physical activity also influencing CVP. Our findings are a promising avenue for lifestyle interventions in older adults to reduce the aging effects on CVP for those who cannot engage or sustain sufficient MVPA

Planning for End-Of-Life Satellite Disposal; The Story of a High Strain Composite Tip-Rolled De-Orbit Sail

In Q4 of 2017, Roccor of Longmont, Colorado was approached by an ESPA class spacecraft provider with the request to deliver a de-orbit sail within a six-month period. The 140kg spacecraft was to be placed in a circular ~750km, high inclination orbit and needed to deploy a drag device at the end-of-life with a surface area greater than 4m2. After a series of concept iterations with the customer, dual rectangular tip-roll sails were selected, each supported by a deployable High Strain Composite (HSC) boom and offset 45º from the spacecraft’s structure maximizing the cross-sectional area and aerodynamic stability. The rectangular sails, each measuring 4m x 0.5m, are named Roll-Out Composite, FCC Approved Life Limiting Deorbit Devices otherwise known as ROC-FALL. Their low-cost design boasts a simple and robust deployment mechanism utilizing few machined parts that is easily resettable to allow multiple deployment-cycle tests for mission assurance. This paper first provides a broad overview of the space debris problem and a summary of current technologies that are known for end-of-life satellite disposal. This paper then details the ROC-FALL design, and chronicles the recent flight build and lessons learned

Planning for End-Of-Life Satellite Disposal; The Story of a High Strain Composite Tip-Rolled De-Orbit Sail

In Q4 of 2017, Roccor of Longmont, Colorado was approached by an ESPA class spacecraft provider with the request to deliver a de-orbit sail within a six-month period. The 140kg spacecraft was to be placed in a circular ~750km, high inclination orbit and needed to deploy a drag device at the end-of-life with a surface area greater than 4m2. After a series of concept iterations with the customer, dual rectangular tip-roll sails were selected, each supported by a deployable High Strain Composite (HSC) boom and offset 45º from the spacecraft’s structure maximizing the cross-sectional area and aerodynamic stability. The rectangular sails, each measuring 4m x 0.5m, are named Roll-Out Composite, FCC Approved Life Limiting Deorbit Devices otherwise known as ROC-FALL. Their low-cost design boasts a simple and robust deployment mechanism utilizing few machined parts that is easily resettable to allow multiple deployment-cycle tests for mission assurance. This paper first provides a broad overview of the space debris problem and a summary of current technologies that are known for end-of-life satellite disposal. This paper then details the ROC-FALL design, and chronicles the recent flight build and lessons learned